DAT Biology Practice Test 5# Click to go back see all Biology Practice Tests 0% DAT Biology Practice Test #5 1 / 40 1. What does the concept of "inclusive fitness" refer to? Maximizing the quality of mates and offspring Sacrifices made for relatives Maximizing the quantity of offspring Grouping together to achieve a goal Abbreviating what food looks like to locate it quickly 2 / 40 2. In the context of animal behaviors, what does the term "stimulus discrimination" mean? The behavior of an animal changing speed in random directions in response to environmental conditions. As a stimulus occurs more often, the behavioral response increases. Differentiation between a conditioned stimulus and other similar, but different, non-conditioned stimuli. Decreasing behavioral response in response to repetitive, meaningless stimulus. Learning to associate a behavior with a reward. 3 / 40 3. Which of the following correctly represents the type II survivorship curve? Long gestation period, few, large offspring, long time to mature, significant parental investment Organism derives its energy from inorganic compounds and uses organic compounds as its primary carbon source Abundant, small offspring, mature quickly, no parental investment Organism derives its energy from light and uses CO2 as its primary carbon source Survival probability is constant regardless of age 4 / 40 4. What is the type of symbiosis where one organism benefits and the other organism is unaffected? Allelopathy Predation Commensalism Parasitism Mutualism 5 / 40 5. In terms of genetic variation, what does "balanced polymorphism" refer to? A high mutation rate within a population The process of outbreeding in a population The maintenance of a variety of phenotypes within a population The presence of multiple copies of alleles in plant species The combination of gametes in sexual reproduction 6 / 40 6. Which of the following correctly describes the process of capacitation in sperm cells? It is the initial formation of sperm cells in the testes It is the process by which the sperm cell enters the zona pellucida of the egg cell It is the division of a sperm cell into two haploid cells It is the final maturation step for sperm prior to fertilization, triggered by secretions in the uterine wall It is the process by which the sperm cell fuses with the egg cell during fertilization 7 / 40 7. In the context of birth control pills, how does the release of synthetic estrogen and progesterone prevent pregnancy? By inhibiting GnRH production during the menstrual cycle through negative feedback. By causing a rapid LH spike leading to ovulation. By promoting the development of follicles in the ovary. By causing uterine contractions which propel sperm. By stimulating the formation of corpus luteum. 8 / 40 8. What are the three possible shapes for epithelial cells? Cuboidal, squamous, and trapezoidal Cuboidal, hexagonal, and pyramidal Columnar, cuboidal, and spherical Rhomboidal, squamous, and cuboidal Squamous, cuboidal, and columnar 9 / 40 9. What are the three layers of the integumentary system? Dermis, endodermis, and hypodermis Epidermis, endodermis, and hypodermis Epidermis, mesodermis, and endodermis Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis Epidermis, dermis, and endothelium 10 / 40 10. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal cortex and increases salt and water reabsorption and potassium secretion in the distal tubules and collecting ducts? Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) Renin Aldosterone Angiotensin II Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) 11 / 40 11. What is a key indicator of the health of the microbiome in the large intestine? The level of urea The level of glucose The number of erythrocytes The level of glycogen Bile acid metabolism 12 / 40 12. What is the primary function of bile in the digestive process? It emulsifies fats, aiding in their absorption. It breaks down proteins into amino acids. It stimulates the secretion of digestive enzymes from the pancreas. It neutralizes stomach acid to prevent damage to the small intestine. It facilitates mechanical digestion by helping to churn food in the stomach. 13 / 40 13. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland? Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Parathyroid hormone (PTH) Triiodothyronine (T3) Thyroxine (T4) Calcitonin 14 / 40 14. Which of the following hormones are derived from cholesterol? Steroid hormones None of the above Peptide hormones Amino-acid derived hormones All of the above 15 / 40 15. Which of the following statements is true regarding fibrous connective tissue? It provides support and stability to joints. It is located between cortical and cancellous bone. It is maintained and repaired by osteoblasts. It has a matrix made up of fibers. It is vascularized and innervated. 16 / 40 16. What structure quickens the propagation of action potentials on the muscle fiber? Acetylcholine Myofibrils Troponin Sarcomeres T-tubules 17 / 40 17. What is the purpose of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle fibers? To allow ion exchange and electrical impulse propagation. To hold the myofilaments in place within the sarcomeres. To release stored calcium ions into the sarcoplasm. To produce graded potentials on the muscle fibers. To contract and shorten the sarcomeres. 18 / 40 18. Which of the following is NOT a component of the limbic system? Medulla oblongata Hypothalamus Hippocampus Thalamus Amygdala 19 / 40 19. Which glial cell type produces cerebrospinal fluid? Ependymal cells Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Schwann cells Microglial cells 20 / 40 20. What is the function of memory B cells? To recognize self proteins To present antigens to T cells To directly kill infected cells To produce and release antibodies To stimulate innate immunity 21 / 40 21. Which of the following is true about myoglobin? It undergoes cooperativity It transports most of the oxygen traveling in the blood. It is a single peptide with one heme cofactor It is found within erythrocytes It has a lower affinity for oxygen than oxyhemoglobin 22 / 40 22. What is the minimum amount of air that needs to be present in the lungs to prevent collapse? Functional residual capacity. Residual volume Expiratory reserve volume Tidal volume Inspiratory reserve volume 23 / 40 23. What is the role of oncotic pressure in the capillaries? Collects interstitial fluid, bacteria, fats, and proteins Propels lymph via peristalsis Pushes fluid out of the capillaries on the arterial end Filters lymph through lymph nodes Brings fluid back into the capillaries at the venule end 24 / 40 24. Which of the following is true regarding invertebrate circulation? All invertebrates use a simple diffusion system to distribute nutrients All of the above are false Echinoderms use an open circulatory system Arthropods have a closed circulatory system Earthworms have an open circulatory system 25 / 40 25. Which of the following is true about gymnosperms? Their seeds are protected. Their sperm is dispersed in seeds by wind. They have independent gametophyte and sporophyte life-cycles. They are the most abundant type of plant. They have flagellated sperm. 26 / 40 26. Which characteristic is unique to the phylum Mollusca? Metamorphosis Segmentation Radula Tube feet Cnidocytes 27 / 40 27. What is the primary feature that distinguishes the three domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya? Their size Their ability to produce spores Their metabolic processes Their cell structure Their ability to reproduce 28 / 40 28. What is the primary goal of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP)? To measure the movement of biomolecules in a live cell. To identify the function of a gene. To increase the concentration of solute in a solution. To measure the fluorescence lifetime of a cell. To identify the localization of proteins of interest. 29 / 40 29. What type of microscopy is capable of visualizing fluorescent objects and reduces artifacts by focusing a beam of UV light onto the sample? Confocal laser scanning microscopy Phase contrast microscopy Electron microscopy Fluorescence microscopy Optical microscopy 30 / 40 30. What is a haplotype? A group of genes that are not inherited. A group of genes that are inherited from one parent. A group of genes that are usually inherited together because they are located in close proximity to each other. A group of genes that are inherited from both parents. A group of genes that are inherited separately because they are located on different chromosomes. 31 / 40 31. What is the role of telomerase in DNA replication? It unzips the DNA strands. It binds to uncoiled DNA strands to prevent reattachment. It extends telomeres to prevent DNA loss. It adds RNA primers at the origin of replication. It replaces RNA primers with DNA. 32 / 40 32. In prokaryotic transcription, how does a termination sequence end the transcription process in Rho independent termination? It binds to the promoter region, stopping transcription. It causes supercoiling in the DNA strand. The RNA transcript folds into a hairpin loop, causing the RNA polymerase to fall off. It adds a sigma factor to the RNA polymerase. It binds to the RNA polymerase, causing it to fall off. 33 / 40 33. How many pairs of autosomes are present in the human body? 23 pairs 22 pairs 46 pairs 2 pairs 1 pair 34 / 40 34. What is the term for the division of the nucleus? Karyokinesis Ploidy Cytokinesis Dyads Centromeres 35 / 40 35. What is the main difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs? Autotrophs can make their own food, while heterotrophs must get energy from the food they eat. Heterotrophs can make their own food, while autotrophs get energy from the food they eat. Heterotrophs use photosynthesis, while autotrophs use cellular respiration. Autotrophs use cellular respiration, while heterotrophs use photosynthesis. There is no difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs. 36 / 40 36. Where does beta-oxidation of free fatty acids occur in eukaryotic cells? Golgi apparatus Mitochondrial matrix Cytosol Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum 37 / 40 37. Which of the following is not evidence supporting the endosymbiotic theory? Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain a double membrane. Mitochondria and chloroplasts possess their own circular DNA. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have the same number of ribosomes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size. Mitochondria and chloroplasts reproduce independently of the host cell. 38 / 40 38. Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing lipids, producing steroid hormones, and detoxifying cells? Mitochondria Lysosomes Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Rough endoplasmic reticulum Peroxisomes 39 / 40 39. Which of the following statements correctly describes the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane? It transmits signals all the way through the lipid bilayer. It binds to receptors and activates a target function. It attaches cells to other cells. It makes the membrane less fluid at high temperatures and less fluid at low temperatures. It is used by cells to recognize other cells. 40 / 40 40. Which type of bond is formed between two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide? Intramolecular bond Intermolecular bond Hydrogen bond Ionic bond Covalent bond Your score is LinkedIn Facebook Twitter Restart quiz How did you find this practice test? 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