DAT Biology Practice Test 4# (FREE) 0% DAT Biology Practice Test #4 1 / 40 1. Which term refers to a behavior where one animal's threat causes another animal's submission, thus preventing aggression? Cooperative hunting Dominance Hierarchy Territoriality Reciprocal altruism Appeasement behavior 2 / 40 2. A behavioral response that decreases in response to a repetitive, meaningless stimulus is known as: Stimulus generalization Recovery Extinction Habituation Sensitization 3 / 40 3. What is the principle of Malthus's population theory? Population increases arithmetically while food production increases geometrically Population and food production both increase arithmetically Population and food production both increase geometrically Population increases geometrically while food production increases exponentially Population increases geometrically while food production increases arithmetically 4 / 40 4. What is the result of sympatric speciation? Different phenotypes are isolated within the same area Species arise from one ancestor as they adapt differently to their environments Species evolve to resemble another species Species are reproductively isolated via prezygotic and postzygotic isolating mechanisms Species diverge due to a geographical barrier 5 / 40 5. What is a 'polytomy' in the context of a phylogenetic tree? An internal node of a phylogenetic tree that leads to more than two tips The gradual evolution of an interbreeding population without splitting An ancestor and some but not all of its descendants The splitting apart of evolutionary lineages An ancestor and all its descendants 6 / 40 6. What is the role of the mesoderm layer in a trilaminar embryo? It forms the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) It forms the bone and skeleton, muscles, cardiovascular system, and gonads It forms the pigmentation cells and the enamel of teeth It forms the epithelial lining of the digestive, respiratory, and excretory systems It forms the sensory parts of the ear, eye, and nose 7 / 40 7. Which hormone is responsible for the maturation of sperm and the development of male secondary sex characteristics? Testosterone Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Progesterone Estrogen 8 / 40 8. What are the two layers of the dermis? Basal dermis and spinous dermis Papillary dermis and cornified dermis Papillary dermis and reticular dermis Papillary dermis and granular dermis Lucid dermis and reticular dermis 9 / 40 9. What occurs as the filtrate travels down the descending limb of the loop of Henle? Solutes are reabsorbed Na+ and Cl- are reabsorbed Water is reabsorbed into the blood Filtrate becomes less concentrated Filtrate becomes more alkaline 10 / 40 10. How does the length of the nephron affect the concentration of urine? The length of the nephron has no effect on urine concentration The longer the nephron, the more concentrated the urine will be The shorter the nephron, the more diluted the urine will be The shorter the nephron, the more concentrated the urine will be The longer the nephron, the more diluted the urine will be 11 / 40 11. Which hormone is responsible for slowing gastric emptying and stimulating the release of digestive enzymes and bile? Secretin Glucagon Gastrin Insulin Cholecystokinin (CCK) 12 / 40 12. What is the primary function of G cells in the stomach during digestion? They produce the basic bicarbonate ions that neutralize stomach acid. They produce mucus to protect the stomach lining. They release gastrin, a hormone that stimulates the release of gastric juice and the secretion of enzymes. They facilitate mechanical digestion through the churning of food. They secrete gastric lipase and pepsinogen. 13 / 40 13. Which of the following is the most common cause of goiter? High blood calcium levels Excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) Iodine deficiency Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism 14 / 40 14. Which type of bone is found within tendons to help muscles pull? Short bones Sesamoid bones Irregular bones Flat bones Long bones 15 / 40 15. What is the function of Volkmann's canals? To provide support for the body To store fat in the medullary cavity To connect lacunae and the haversian canal To connect the haversian canals to the periosteum To synthesize blood cells 16 / 40 16. Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of wave summation? Wave summation is the process by which twitches add up to create a larger overall contraction. Wave summation is the process by which different motor units are stimulated at different times to produce the intended amount of muscle contraction. Wave summation occurs when a depolarization is above threshold potential. Wave summation is also known as the size principle of motor unit recruitment. Wave summation occurs when a depolarization is below threshold potential. 17 / 40 17. Which type of muscle is characterized by involuntary contractions? None of the above Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Both smooth and cardiac muscle Skeletal muscle 18 / 40 18. Which part of the ear helps convert mechanical signals into neuronal signals? Middle ear Inner ear Semicircular canal Round window Outer ear 19 / 40 19. Which type of T cell is responsible for directly killing infected cells? Natural killer cells Helper T cells CD8 T cells CD4 T cells Memory T cells 20 / 40 20. Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation? Increased heat Redness Swelling Loss of function Numbness 21 / 40 21. Which of the following is true about carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning? It increases oxygen binding affinity It does not affect oxygen transport efficiency It produces carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO). It produces carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO2) It results from oxygen outcompeting CO for hemoglobin binding 22 / 40 22. What is the difference between the left and right lungs in humans? The left lung is smaller and has two lobes, while the right lung is larger and has three lobes The left lung is smaller and has one lobe, while the right lung is larger and has two lobes The left lung is larger and has two lobes, while the right lung is smaller and has one lobe The left and right lungs are identical in size and shape. The left lung is larger and has three lobes, while the right lung is smaller and has two lobes 23 / 40 23. What is erythroblastosis fetalis? A condition where the fetus’ blood type is AB A condition where the mother’s Rh factor is negative A condition where the mother’s body attacks the fetus because of a blood type mismatch A condition where the placenta does not function properly A condition where the fetus is unable to produce red blood cells 24 / 40 24. Which theory explains the upward movement of water in plants due to transpiration? Cohesion-tension theory Capillary action Source to Sink theory Root pressure theory Pressure flow hypothesis 25 / 40 25. What type of plant tissue provides protection and regulation and includes the epidermis and root hairs? Dermal tissue Cambium tissue Stomatal tissue Ground tissue Vascular tissue 26 / 40 26. Which phylum is characterized by five-fold radial symmetry as adults? Arthropoda Cnidaria Annelida Echinodermata Mollusca 27 / 40 27. What is the main difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria? The presence of an outer membrane The presence of a peptidoglycan layer The ability to secrete exotoxins The thickness of the peptidoglycan layer The staining color in gram staining 28 / 40 28. What is the purpose of a genomic library? To store the RNA of an organism's genome. To identify the protein structures of an organism. To store all known species' genomes. To store the DNA of an organism's genome. To facilitate the replication of an organism's genome. 29 / 40 29. What does gene linkage refer to? The process where two genes are randomly assorted in progeny. The process where two organisms are mated to produce offspring. Genes that are found close together on the same chromosome. The process of crossing over during prophase I of meiosis. The process where a single gene is examined through two generations of crosses. 30 / 40 30. What is the one-hit hypothesis associated with? Incomplete penetrance Retinoblastoma gene Proto-oncogenes Null alleles Tumor-suppressor genes 31 / 40 31. What is the purpose of the G1/S checkpoint in the cell cycle? It ends DNA replication when the replication fork cannot continue. It regulates the termination of transcription. It initiates DNA replication. It induces transcription of genes. It regulates cell cycle transition from the G1 phase into the S phase, checking for favorable conditions to grow. 32 / 40 32. In which direction does RNA polymerase extend the RNA during transcription? 5’ → 5’ 5’ → 3’ 3’ → 3’ 3’ → 5’ Both a and b 33 / 40 33. In terms of regulation, what is the role of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in the cell cycle? They bind to receptors in the plasma membrane to signal for cell division. They halt cell division when the density of cells is high. They act as checkpoints to assess DNA replication accuracy and MPF levels. They phosphorylate certain substrates to signal cell cycle progression. They prevent cells from dividing unless attached to an external surface. 34 / 40 34. What is the primary difference between C4 and CAM photosynthesis? C4 photosynthesis involves the production of a four-carbon molecule, while CAM does not. There is no significant difference between C4 and CAM photosynthesis. CAM photosynthesis uses temporal isolation of carbon dioxide, while C4 uses spatial isolation. CAM photosynthesis uses spatial isolation of carbon dioxide, while C4 uses temporal isolation. C4 photosynthesis occurs in plants living in hot environments, while CAM occurs in plants living in cold environments. 35 / 40 35. What is the role of chlorophyll in the photosynthesis process? Chlorophyll is involved in the absorption of photons. Chlorophyll is not involved in the photosynthesis process. Chlorophyll is responsible for the conversion of glucose to ATP. Chlorophyll is responsible for the release of oxygen. Chlorophyll is involved in carbon fixation. 36 / 40 36. What function do High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) serve in the body? They convert triglycerides into free fatty acids They help release triglycerides back into circulation They transport cholesterol to the liver to make bile They store triglycerides They transport cholesterol to peripheral tissues 37 / 40 37. Why is ATP considered the cellular energy currency? It is more stable than ADP. It contains three phosphate groups. It contains an adenine nitrogenous base. It has high energy bonds between the phosphate groups that release energy upon hydrolysis. It is used to fuel all cellular processes. 38 / 40 38. What role does clathrin play in the transport of substances across the cell membrane? It aids in endocytosis by forming a pit in the membrane that pinches off as a coated vesicle. It aids in exocytosis by allowing vesicles to secrete material into the extracellular environment. It aids in facilitated transport by acting as a channel protein. It aids in simple diffusion by allowing small, uncharged substances to cross the cell membrane. It aids in active transport by using ATP hydrolysis to pump molecules against their concentration gradient. 39 / 40 39. Which of the following statements is true about catalysts? They do not affect the energy of the transition state They increase the spontaneity of a reaction They affect the transition state of a reaction They raise the activation energy of a reaction They shift a chemical reaction to the left 40 / 40 40. What is the definition of an element? A mixture of two or more elements. A pure substance that has specific physical/chemical properties and can be broken down into a simpler substance. A pure substance that has specific physical/chemical properties and can’t be broken down into a simpler substance. A pure substance that has no physical/chemical properties. A mixture of two or more compounds. Your score is LinkedIn Facebook Twitter Restart quiz How did you find this practice test? 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