DAT Biology Practice Test 4# (FREE) 0% DAT Biology Practice Test #4 1 / 40 1. Which term refers to a behavior where one animal's threat causes another animal's submission, thus preventing aggression? Territoriality Appeasement behavior Reciprocal altruism Dominance Hierarchy Cooperative hunting 2 / 40 2. A behavioral response that decreases in response to a repetitive, meaningless stimulus is known as: Recovery Habituation Sensitization Extinction Stimulus generalization 3 / 40 3. What is the principle of Malthus's population theory? Population and food production both increase arithmetically Population increases arithmetically while food production increases geometrically Population and food production both increase geometrically Population increases geometrically while food production increases exponentially Population increases geometrically while food production increases arithmetically 4 / 40 4. What is the result of sympatric speciation? Species arise from one ancestor as they adapt differently to their environments Species are reproductively isolated via prezygotic and postzygotic isolating mechanisms Different phenotypes are isolated within the same area Species evolve to resemble another species Species diverge due to a geographical barrier 5 / 40 5. What is a 'polytomy' in the context of a phylogenetic tree? The gradual evolution of an interbreeding population without splitting An ancestor and all its descendants An internal node of a phylogenetic tree that leads to more than two tips An ancestor and some but not all of its descendants The splitting apart of evolutionary lineages 6 / 40 6. What is the role of the mesoderm layer in a trilaminar embryo? It forms the bone and skeleton, muscles, cardiovascular system, and gonads It forms the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) It forms the pigmentation cells and the enamel of teeth It forms the epithelial lining of the digestive, respiratory, and excretory systems It forms the sensory parts of the ear, eye, and nose 7 / 40 7. Which hormone is responsible for the maturation of sperm and the development of male secondary sex characteristics? Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Progesterone Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Estrogen Testosterone 8 / 40 8. What are the two layers of the dermis? Lucid dermis and reticular dermis Papillary dermis and reticular dermis Papillary dermis and granular dermis Papillary dermis and cornified dermis Basal dermis and spinous dermis 9 / 40 9. What occurs as the filtrate travels down the descending limb of the loop of Henle? Na+ and Cl- are reabsorbed Filtrate becomes less concentrated Water is reabsorbed into the blood Filtrate becomes more alkaline Solutes are reabsorbed 10 / 40 10. How does the length of the nephron affect the concentration of urine? The longer the nephron, the more diluted the urine will be The longer the nephron, the more concentrated the urine will be The shorter the nephron, the more diluted the urine will be The shorter the nephron, the more concentrated the urine will be The length of the nephron has no effect on urine concentration 11 / 40 11. Which hormone is responsible for slowing gastric emptying and stimulating the release of digestive enzymes and bile? Insulin Secretin Cholecystokinin (CCK) Glucagon Gastrin 12 / 40 12. What is the primary function of G cells in the stomach during digestion? They release gastrin, a hormone that stimulates the release of gastric juice and the secretion of enzymes. They produce the basic bicarbonate ions that neutralize stomach acid. They produce mucus to protect the stomach lining. They secrete gastric lipase and pepsinogen. They facilitate mechanical digestion through the churning of food. 13 / 40 13. Which of the following is the most common cause of goiter? Hyperthyroidism Iodine deficiency Hypothyroidism Excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) High blood calcium levels 14 / 40 14. Which type of bone is found within tendons to help muscles pull? Short bones Irregular bones Long bones Flat bones Sesamoid bones 15 / 40 15. What is the function of Volkmann's canals? To synthesize blood cells To store fat in the medullary cavity To provide support for the body To connect the haversian canals to the periosteum To connect lacunae and the haversian canal 16 / 40 16. Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of wave summation? Wave summation occurs when a depolarization is below threshold potential. Wave summation occurs when a depolarization is above threshold potential. Wave summation is also known as the size principle of motor unit recruitment. Wave summation is the process by which twitches add up to create a larger overall contraction. Wave summation is the process by which different motor units are stimulated at different times to produce the intended amount of muscle contraction. 17 / 40 17. Which type of muscle is characterized by involuntary contractions? Smooth muscle Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscle None of the above Both smooth and cardiac muscle 18 / 40 18. Which part of the ear helps convert mechanical signals into neuronal signals? Middle ear Round window Inner ear Semicircular canal Outer ear 19 / 40 19. Which type of T cell is responsible for directly killing infected cells? Helper T cells Natural killer cells CD8 T cells CD4 T cells Memory T cells 20 / 40 20. Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation? Loss of function Numbness Swelling Redness Increased heat 21 / 40 21. Which of the following is true about carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning? It produces carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO2) It increases oxygen binding affinity It results from oxygen outcompeting CO for hemoglobin binding It produces carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO). It does not affect oxygen transport efficiency 22 / 40 22. What is the difference between the left and right lungs in humans? The left lung is larger and has three lobes, while the right lung is smaller and has two lobes The left lung is smaller and has two lobes, while the right lung is larger and has three lobes The left and right lungs are identical in size and shape. The left lung is smaller and has one lobe, while the right lung is larger and has two lobes The left lung is larger and has two lobes, while the right lung is smaller and has one lobe 23 / 40 23. What is erythroblastosis fetalis? A condition where the placenta does not function properly A condition where the mother’s body attacks the fetus because of a blood type mismatch A condition where the fetus is unable to produce red blood cells A condition where the mother’s Rh factor is negative A condition where the fetus’ blood type is AB 24 / 40 24. Which theory explains the upward movement of water in plants due to transpiration? Cohesion-tension theory Pressure flow hypothesis Source to Sink theory Root pressure theory Capillary action 25 / 40 25. What type of plant tissue provides protection and regulation and includes the epidermis and root hairs? Cambium tissue Ground tissue Vascular tissue Dermal tissue Stomatal tissue 26 / 40 26. Which phylum is characterized by five-fold radial symmetry as adults? Annelida Arthropoda Mollusca Cnidaria Echinodermata 27 / 40 27. What is the main difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria? The staining color in gram staining The presence of an outer membrane The presence of a peptidoglycan layer The thickness of the peptidoglycan layer The ability to secrete exotoxins 28 / 40 28. What is the purpose of a genomic library? To store all known species' genomes. To store the RNA of an organism's genome. To identify the protein structures of an organism. To facilitate the replication of an organism's genome. To store the DNA of an organism's genome. 29 / 40 29. What does gene linkage refer to? The process where two genes are randomly assorted in progeny. The process where two organisms are mated to produce offspring. The process of crossing over during prophase I of meiosis. The process where a single gene is examined through two generations of crosses. Genes that are found close together on the same chromosome. 30 / 40 30. What is the one-hit hypothesis associated with? Retinoblastoma gene Incomplete penetrance Null alleles Tumor-suppressor genes Proto-oncogenes 31 / 40 31. What is the purpose of the G1/S checkpoint in the cell cycle? It ends DNA replication when the replication fork cannot continue. It induces transcription of genes. It regulates cell cycle transition from the G1 phase into the S phase, checking for favorable conditions to grow. It initiates DNA replication. It regulates the termination of transcription. 32 / 40 32. In which direction does RNA polymerase extend the RNA during transcription? 3’ → 5’ 5’ → 5’ 3’ → 3’ Both a and b 5’ → 3’ 33 / 40 33. In terms of regulation, what is the role of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in the cell cycle? They phosphorylate certain substrates to signal cell cycle progression. They bind to receptors in the plasma membrane to signal for cell division. They halt cell division when the density of cells is high. They act as checkpoints to assess DNA replication accuracy and MPF levels. They prevent cells from dividing unless attached to an external surface. 34 / 40 34. What is the primary difference between C4 and CAM photosynthesis? CAM photosynthesis uses temporal isolation of carbon dioxide, while C4 uses spatial isolation. There is no significant difference between C4 and CAM photosynthesis. CAM photosynthesis uses spatial isolation of carbon dioxide, while C4 uses temporal isolation. C4 photosynthesis involves the production of a four-carbon molecule, while CAM does not. C4 photosynthesis occurs in plants living in hot environments, while CAM occurs in plants living in cold environments. 35 / 40 35. What is the role of chlorophyll in the photosynthesis process? Chlorophyll is responsible for the release of oxygen. Chlorophyll is involved in the absorption of photons. Chlorophyll is responsible for the conversion of glucose to ATP. Chlorophyll is involved in carbon fixation. Chlorophyll is not involved in the photosynthesis process. 36 / 40 36. What function do High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) serve in the body? They store triglycerides They convert triglycerides into free fatty acids They transport cholesterol to peripheral tissues They transport cholesterol to the liver to make bile They help release triglycerides back into circulation 37 / 40 37. Why is ATP considered the cellular energy currency? It contains three phosphate groups. It is used to fuel all cellular processes. It contains an adenine nitrogenous base. It is more stable than ADP. It has high energy bonds between the phosphate groups that release energy upon hydrolysis. 38 / 40 38. What role does clathrin play in the transport of substances across the cell membrane? It aids in facilitated transport by acting as a channel protein. It aids in endocytosis by forming a pit in the membrane that pinches off as a coated vesicle. It aids in active transport by using ATP hydrolysis to pump molecules against their concentration gradient. It aids in simple diffusion by allowing small, uncharged substances to cross the cell membrane. It aids in exocytosis by allowing vesicles to secrete material into the extracellular environment. 39 / 40 39. Which of the following statements is true about catalysts? They do not affect the energy of the transition state They affect the transition state of a reaction They shift a chemical reaction to the left They increase the spontaneity of a reaction They raise the activation energy of a reaction 40 / 40 40. What is the definition of an element? A pure substance that has no physical/chemical properties. A pure substance that has specific physical/chemical properties and can be broken down into a simpler substance. A mixture of two or more elements. A mixture of two or more compounds. A pure substance that has specific physical/chemical properties and can’t be broken down into a simpler substance. Your score is LinkedIn Facebook Twitter Restart quiz How did you find this practice test? Your feedback is appreciated Send feedback Click to go back see all Biology Practice Tests